GROUP G – Political Thought

Paper XVIII Ancient Indian Political Thought and Institutions-II
1) State: Formation of the State: Saptang Theory, Power and functions.
2) Nature of State Authority.
3) Kingship: Origin, Power and functions, nature of authority: limitations: Council of Ministers and King; Taxation; Coronation.
4) Law and Justice: Sources of law, supremacy of law; courts organization and Judges; judicial administration.
5) International law and politics: principles and means of diplomacy; international agencies, Rajdoot, war and peace; treaties

Paper XIX Medieval Indian political Thought and Institutions-II
1) Monarchy: religious movements, social rifts, religious schisms and royal supremacy; royal absolutism: limitations of the king and his authority, feudalism and monarchy; secular aspects of the monarchy; temporal and spiritual sovereignty of kingship.
2) Law and justice: sources of law; schools of Muslim law; justices and moral welfare; secular orientation of law and justice.
3) Government: pattern of governmental structure, religious and political behaviour of government, departments of government.
4) Political economy: property rights, taxation, land settlement, rural and urban economy, interpretations of hindu scriptures regarding economic issues.
5) Non-Islamic polity of medieval India: Maratha polity, Sikh polity, Rajput polity.

Paper XX Social and Political Thought of Mahatma Gandhi-II
1) Structure of non-violent State, stateless democracy, state as means of sovereignty, parliamentary democracy, elections and franchise, majority and minority functions of non-violent state.
2) Gandhian political ideals: property right and trusteeship, the socio-economic and political structure and functioning, rights and duties, non-violent nationalism, foreign policy of a non-violent state.
3) From Gram Rajya to Ram Rajya.
4) Gandhism Today.

Group H -Human Rights

Paper XVIII-Human rights and the United Nations
1) The UN Charter and Human Rights
2) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Origins, drafting and adoption of human rights.
3) UN agencies and human rights with particular emphasis on ECOSOC, UNESCO and ILO
4) Human rights and international conventions/covenants-role of OSCE, OAU, OAS, EU etc.
5) The Human Rights Commission and beyond: Role of the UN

Paper XIX-Human rights in India
1) Human rights and the Indian Constitution
2) Human rights agencies: structure, organization and functions
(i) National Human Rights Commission
(ii) National Commission for Women
(iii) Special Commissions for weaker sections-SC,ST and OBC
3) Case studies: Jammu and Kashmir, Gujarat, Punjab and North-East India

Paper XX Human rights, development and environmental issues
1). Human rights and development: Locating the development discourse
(i).Sustainable development as a prelude to sustainable society
2). Environmental issues and international initiatives
(i) The Earth Summits: Rio de Janeiro and after
(ii) Global warming: beyond the Kyoto Protocol
(iii) International movements vis-à-vis environmental issues